Archive for August, 2010

Going To Sea: A Plastic Tale Full Circle.

Tuesday, August 31st, 2010 by staff

clive_blog

The taxi driver asked if I wanted to smoke. ‘No’ I said, watching the dawn rise as we drove downtown. He unwrapped a new packet of cigarettes– perhaps he was really asking if I minded him smoking. Driving through a shanty area across a heavily polluted river the smell was nauseating. We had already established that my Portuguese was only slightly better than his English so we both sat in silence as he smoked and discarded the outer plastic wrapper of his cigarette carton onto the highway.

During the final preparations of Sea Dragon for her voyage from Rio de Janeiro to Ascension Island we hosted a live link-up with Safe Planet: the United Nations Campaign for Responsibility on Hazardous Chemicals and Wastes. This was to announce the entry into force of amendments adding nine new chemicals to the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs). Onboard in Rio we hosted Brazilian Government officials, industry representatives, journalists along with our own science team; 5gyres co-founder Dr. Marcus Eriksen and ASR Limited’s Dr Jose Borrero.

POPs are bioaccumulative and toxic chemicals found in many common consumer products today. They are distributed around the earth’s environment and are known to be accumulating in human and animal organisms, endangering the health and safety of humans and the earth in general. Many of these new nine chemicals are still widely used today as pesticides, flame retardants and in a number of other commercial uses.

“Our oceans, being downhill from everywhere, receive the waste of nations. As plastic waste flows through the world’s watersheds, it absorbs hydrophobic compounds, like pesticides, PCBs, petroleum and other hydrocarbons, making plastic more toxic. Well over 300 marine species have been found to ingest plastic waste, including the toxins they carry. It is imperative that we understand the potential for plastic waste to pollute the fish we harvest to feed the world’, said Dr Marcus Eriksen.

Now at sea, outside of Brazilian waters headed east towards the Gyre we are back into the swing of things; researching ocean plastics. Following the first transect of the North Atlantic Gyre earlier this year our focus over the coming months is the South Atlantic. What will we find, how much plastic is endlessly circulating around this ocean accumulating POPs, polluting the ocean wilderness, leaving a toxic trace of humanity across the ocean, potentially entering our food chain.

In the first trawl we found small fish, seaweed and plastic.  I’m used to this now, unfortunately– as if I ever really thought the South Atlantic would be clean! The first plastic we found was lightweight film, and I’ve come full circle, reminded of my taxi driver in a traffic jam un-wrapping another pack, discarding another wrapper.  And he’s one of thousands of taxi drivers doing the same thing daily in Rio.

Everything leads downstream to the ocean.  And for now, at sea again, it feels good to be doing something about it.   But the problem isn’t just the taxi drivers in Rio.  It’s all of us, and its alarming to realize the scale.  We fight on.

Sea Dragon Skipper, Clive Cosby

Nets in the water

Monday, August 30th, 2010 by Ron

Just got word in from the team that the “nets are in”. Once outside the 200nm Brazilian Exclusive Economic Zone, Sea Dragon is in international waters and is beginning the research.

marcus_trawl1

Marcus is carrying two trawls this trip. The first is the standard “Manta Trawl” that has been carrying the water of ocean plastic research for over a decade now. This trawl moves slowly with a 300micron mesh net, skimming right across the surface. Generates a rich picture of the sea surface in relatively little distance. However, we are condition limited – we cannot tow above 2 kts of boat speed. The new “high speed” trawl is, relatively speaking, just that. Marcus and Anna developed and tested a prototype on their Indian Ocean crossing earlier this year. This is smaller in profile and uses a water plane to hold it in the right, surface skimming position. The advantage of this trawl is that it enables faster sampling at speeds of 7kts, much closer to boat speed. This is not going to retire the Manta, not by a long shot. However it can fill in important holes in the transect samples as we cross oceans. Obviously, our crew and even our boat would go nuts traveling 3,000 miles at 2 kts- 62.5 days! We can now intermix supporting data from the gaps and…get closer to the mythical “mega-transect”. This wondrous objective is nothing less than a non-stop continuous profile from land- to – land. The term was first coined- or at least popularized – by ecologist Michael Fay. He and his team literally walked across central Africa’s rain forest from east to west. Something like the Sea Dragon journey, he had the insight to literally slow down, and go look up close at an area we had flown or skipped over many, many times. Have a look – Mega Transect

Standing by for updates from the team-

Mission away

Sunday, August 29th, 2010 by Ron

As you can see on the SPOT Tracker satellite fix ( “Live Map” ) Sea Dragon and her team pushed off from Rio on schedule and – with a HUGE feeling of relief, headed out to sea. Departures invariably bring a major rush of activity, long nights and a last minute press to get that one more email, provisioning, phone call (Marcus to his wife Anna!) out before all the lines – physical and electronic are cut. In this case it was certainly true (see prior posts) and made even more so by an important live UN video cast from the boat to Geneva, our dear, dear generator, and all the joys of Brazilian customs! They sent this photo in today – a last minute briefing on the dock in Rio.

clive_briefing

They are now heading almost due East, taking advantage of a light northerly breeze- out past the Trindad and Vaz islands and into the unrestricted open sea. The weather looks good- particularly good for the trawls with light air and calm seas. Here is a snapshot of the latest weather from Passage Weather ( http://www.passageweather.com/ ).

wx29Aug10

The are right off the coast of Brazil where the land begins to cut back into the west- heading into an area of quiet conditions – the light colors. To the north the wind speeds pick up a bit to a 15-20kt range with a clear East-West orientation. This are the SE Trade Winds- great sailing to make Ascension.

The boat sent in this short message via our Satellite phone Sunday morning.

Hi all,
All going well.
Nice 20 knots of wind. heading 110, close to wind as poss without being too bumpy for a queasy crew! no science yet – still in 200nm until the morning.
testing photo attachment here – clive breifing the crew before we left yesterday. will gather more soon when the crew are up and about!
weather downloading OK. wind generators maintaining batteries, 15amps. generator on list of jobs for this arvo.
E

Sailing well, relieved to be off, settling in.

Team Ascension: The Profiles

Saturday, August 28th, 2010 by staff

team ascension lowres

Today

Wednesday, August 25th, 2010 by Ron

Today we are go.

Everything dozens of people work and believe in is now converged on Rio and Sea Dragon is about Today. Months of planning, decisions, sacrifice, investment and personal challenge now become a tangible reality.

When we go to sea, or on any great human journey there are real hardships and challenges that people face. These are people with competing priorities, families back home, and the anxieties that we all face in heading out. While we may go for many individual reasons, the common purpose is exploration and a better future for the earth.

This mission is important. It is a first look into the great South Atlantic Ocean for man’s footprint of plastic marine debris. Like the other four oceanic gyres, we believe this region is now acting as a giant accumulator for marine debris. Carrying the aesthetic and chemical burden of a throwaway society, these central oceanic wilderness zones now symbolize our synthetic sea. Its important that we go out there and understand what exactly is happening. Tomorrow begins the first step in this process. The team will cross the northern edge of the Gyre sampling with two two trawls and then reach the volcanic shores of Ascension. Perhaps one of the most remote islands in the world, Ascension will give us all a sense of perspective. Will her shores be clear and pristine as the isolation would suggest…or burdened with the flowing debris of our world? What level of debris will we see in the open sea enroute? Will fish caught in the high seas be clean or carry the toxins of our land?

The team leaving today deserves our thanks. They have set aside their natural concerns about leaving land, personal challenges, and asked those close to them to share in this sacrifice. Despite our romance with the ocean, we must never forget what a hard and demanding place it is for us. As we say in all new crew briefings- The Sea is Not Your Friend.

Without them there is no mission. They go out and do the hard work of the trip so that we may all make better decisions going forward. In this they deserve our support and respect. Thank you.

Today is most importantly about a small team of people, just like us, that are going out into a vast, tough and yet greatly endangered sea. These people will help us all. Fair winds and good work to you.

T-1 The Age We Live In

Wednesday, August 25th, 2010 by Ron

Today is one of the toughest days of any expedition – just before we go. We are at maximum preparation intensity. The full team is there…physically at least. They are setting down, making home in a common space, orientating, figuring things out, thinking through all the decisions that led them to be there. Some do this for a living- skippers and expeditions leaders have a routine, a sequence they go through. For the rest it is the edge of a new world.

What is very much a part of today’s world is our massive dependence on electronics and technology. This morning, Expedition Dale Selvam landed in Rio on board an American Airlines 767 from Miami- its two engines pulling with 63,000 lbs of thrust each (enough to dead lift Sea Dragon on a vertical climb) and space flight avionics. In his bag are not ocean cartography or last minute instructions from a distant royal….but critical components for our shipboard generator. Despite our massive sailpower, and almost 800W of solar and wind power… we still depend on diesel powered generators to keep all things electronic running. All day long, non-stop Dale and team fit the new components, fire up and make sure we are again powered with the electrical blood of the 21st century- 6,000 watts of recharge capacity.

That’s good for Emily who is in a veritable street fight with our twin computers. The sea is definately not a friend to anything electrical. We had tried to use a “shock protected” standard laptop. 12 months of sea duty and the hard drive failed- ok some of that was a hurricane force crossing in the North Atlantic. A second machine had corrupted software – thank you thumb drive virus. So we now run exclusively on the hardened “Toughbooks”. Resetting these two machines that it takes to run Sea Dragon has been a 48 hour grind for Emily. Software license transfer, operating system recovery, downloading several GB of new software charts, setting up the XGate interfaces for our satellite communications- and worst of all getting the right drivers in place. T-1, literally means less than 24 hours to departure, we did not have the crucial navigation interface up. We, Sea Dragon and her crew depend on advanced electronic navigation and weather software. The Toughbook 52 would not see the Leica GPS Satellite receiver, which meant the MaxSea navigation software had no position data. This all means we have no idea where we are. Its not quite that bad…we still carry rock solid paper charts for every location we sail….but…. At 2230 Rio time Emily sent through a wonderful email, full of emotion-

Message Detail
From:
Emily Penn < This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it > (Add as Preferred Sender)
Date: Wed, Aug 25, 2010 7:00 pm
check us out in rio!
perseverance??
E

What E is saying is “Houston, we are go”. The satellite is now talking to the boat, which is playing nice with the computer…and now the skipper can run the computer navigation. Now that we can video navigate our way out to sea, Dale’s heavy lifting on the “gennie” is all the more relevant. Skipper Clive points us straight and true to a remote speck in the Atlantic (Ascension), Dale’s girl humms sweet power to the batteries, and E’s computers talk nice to outer space. The modern world is in order. She sent this really nice picture to celebrate a victory.

Satellite-Boat-Computer

Satellite-Boat-Computer

Now you can all see the two sides of this new world. More than once today I found myself pining for ancient days where “wooden boats and iron men went to sea”. We toughened up the ship, had a last round and meal ashore with the crew and shoved off. It was simple. You had no dependency on internet ether, software and the only interfaces you paid attention to were dock lines and the kinship of the crew…the real “software”. Problems were visible, tangible and…workable. But…you also headed out into the massive open sea pretty much blind.

The reason, despite all our grumbles, that we carry this technology is that it really does make a big, big difference in our work. MaxSea alone gives us an extraordinary capability to chart, plan, navigate and ultimately sail to the most remote areas on earth. More importantly, we can do it more reliably, safely and productively than ever before. The crew pulls down detailed 16 day weather forecasts which computers then take as wind, wave and current data to run scenarios against our actual boat. This gives the team a really good sense of the optimal route- allowing them both the smoothest possible run, and the most time to do our real mission work (hint- none of the above…). The team can also visualize subsurface terrain, navigate close in shore and constantly monitor progress. Leaving busy shipping and offshore oil areas like Rio, they interact real time with vessel traffic via a VHF transponder system called “AIS”. Sea Dragon looks every bit as large as a 400,000Tonne Ultra Large Crude Carrier tanker. This is a very good thing at 0200 crossing a busy shipping lane.

So this is our new, fast becoming, normal reality of high seas adventure. A deeply blended integration and dependence on technology. Carrying many times the power generation capacity and computing ability as an Apollo mission, the team is now ready to head out. We learn to sweat through the T-1 frustration and intangible challenges. However, we must never forget that this is nothing more than support work, what we must do to get on the real mission. The Point of what we do is to go out there, to the open, tangible, dynamic and very, very real ocean to do the work of conservation. All the tech, hardware, advanced materials, and other “stuff” exists for one single purpose. Take the team out there to do the mission. In our case this is Exploration, Conservation and Education. Our goal, the purpose of the flights, generators, satellites, and E’s email is a healthy, productive ocean. Keep that context clear in your mind and the pain of finding something called a “driver” is OK.

Ron

T-7…Here We Go Again

Thursday, August 19th, 2010 by Ron

I don’t know if this is how it was for Magellan, Columbus, Lewis and Clark, Shackelton, Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin…or even Indiana Jones…but I have seen this movie before. What we remember about really exceptional expeditions is, well…, the “exceptional part”. Great team, discovery and insight beyond all hope, physical challenges and an inspirational natural setting. We forget all the #$$%%^&*(! that we have to plow through to get going. This primordial, self-healing, selective memory has probably been with us since the earliest days of human exploration.

Today was fun. Emily, our totally devoted Operations Manager, was as best I can tell, literally fused to her PC and toggling her brain in and out of Skype with the dodgy reception. I think she is sleeping on Skype right now. Dale, our Expedition Leader phased in and out like some engineering specter with periodic status reports. Behind the two of them I could see random shapes passing by, slaving on. In the grainy Skype video feed I can’t tell who they are. Working hard though. The dear generator has self terminated in a manner that her makers at Northern Lights cannot imagine…”we’ve never seen that happen before” (another common refrain). The new “back end” is enroute…depending on how you define that. Apparently UPS seem inclined to let it have a rest stop in Miami. Some guy in Rio says something about it being too heavy to clear customs ( 150lbs / 77 kg?). The navigation computer hard disk died but its getting sorted. Dale’s buying enough food to restock Ascension Island and diesel fuel to take us to Mars…boats are fun, you get to go to the fuel “dock” or even have a “tanker truck” come to you…2,000 liters…fill ‘er up. People are running through the boat with pieces of inner systems that you just know really need to be in place soon. The decks are covered with stuff and the galley table is always, always completely covered with junk. Emily again…sending out epic numbers of emails trying to hit every last imaginable item that somebody needs to get, hear about, or do. Orchestrate all the incoming equipment, people and information to make a working team. Lists are being constantly written and updated, phones ring, tools spread out across the corridor floors, people come and go. Diagnose, tear apart, order, call, jot that down, run, load, sort, clean, pack, check, count, make more lists, label, find what you just saw, eat a half lunch and just keep going. You sometimes cannot imagine the boat leaving on time. No way the new crew say. The seasoned hands think the same in a moment and then press on.

The same drama is more than likely playing out in the homes of all the crew soon heading for flights. Add here an extra layer of family time and personal moments that have been a part of “going to sea” for thousands of years.

And then, we realize that this is actually normal. The world is in order. Slowly, but surely over the next 7 days Sea Dragon, her crew and all the supporting resources will come together like a slow motion transformer. From the disparate, multi-directional flow will come a unified team ready to go to sea. I do believe that it has always been this way. In a very short time this boat and this team will head to sea. They will be focused on the mission ahead and ready to do exceptional things.

Here we go.

Ron

Where next?

Sunday, August 8th, 2010 by Ron

Atlas BeachWhen we think about the future, particularly in environmental work, we so often feel the “walls” closing in on us- limiting our choices and presenting ever darker scenarios that are increasingly hard to get excited about. While it absolutely true that we face monumental challenges ahead- more so than any generation in human history – we still have a wide open set of choices. We need to imagine the right answer and figure out what it would take to get there. Period.

Yesterday my five month old, junior Sea Dragon crew, Atlas gave me an insight to these alternative futures. On an early morning beach walk at the Crystal Cove State Park, he made it abundantly clear that we both needed to stop and have a play in the sand. Practicing his new “sit up” skills he began mining away in the sand- some of which we now know can pass right through his high-speed digestive track (another story)! Between his fingers I notice small, very white shell fragments looking more weathered than anything we’d seen on the tide line. Above his head and back against the cliff face there are large slabs of sedimentary rock – chock full of fossil shells. These extend a good 20-30′ above above us- and are clearly “old”. If we take their age as at least Pleistocene- i.e. greater than 10,000 years- this dates them back into a very different world. This land, Southern California, had one of the most diverse fauna imaginable across a super-Serengeti landscape that would blow away East Africa today. Two species of elephants, dire wolves, sabre tooth cats, giant sloths as big as a delivery van…fantastically rich life. Now, I also noticed that there were tar balls sticking to some of the lower down rock slabs. Despite the famed La Brea tar pits…these are clearly modern. In our case they are the signs of a industrial world degrading our habitat. Our tar is common, regular and now almost “normal” in Southern California- coming from either ship bilges or the natural seepage of the Santa Barbara Channel. Colorfully mixed into the fossil shells of Atlas’s project are plastic fragments- some perhaps even too small to see. Actually much more serious. This colored, hard petroleum is being spilled everyday by all of us around the rapidly industrializing world. So, here in the space that a 5 month old baby plays, we see the range of our futures. Behind us (and ironically above) are the fossil deposits of a rich, biologically abundant period that leaves a beautiful legacy for future life. Mixed in the fossil shells and spattered on the rocks are the clear signs of today’s path. State Park status aside, there is no indication that we are going to leave a better, more diverse and productive world for our children. What, of course, is most disturbing is that so few people on the beach even make these connections or take the time to think about where we are.

So a child sparks an adult- who is supposed to be an “expert” in these issues – to step back and see some dramatic contrasts between the fossils of the past and the debris of the future. Now what. Well, we could be grim and frustrated, taking this all as evidence of terminal decline and no hope. Or we could step back a bit farther and look at the contrast as hope itself. I take the latter- because it is the right answer and because it is the only one that will give us a way ahead. Seeing this range of potential outcomes tells us that the world (still) has enormous degrees of freedom before it. Taking a page from my business/operations background we can sketch out a compelling “future state”. This is a nuts-and-bolts schematic of some place we want to be in the next 20, 50 or 200 years. It is exciting to me to think that this can bring a rare opportunity to bring people together. ? I believe that we all embrace a healthy environment. We will align naturally on a high biodiversity, plastic free, productive ocean- for example.

The tough part comes in not where, but how to get there? And in what compromises we must embrace? There are fantastic options emerging in material science, energy, culture, art and governance that can take us there. The compromises may not be what they seem either. So much of what we do carries massive amounts of embedded waste, distractions and, in hindsight, foolishness (me too). This is exactly what you would expect from our seemingly random wander through a life with abundant resources. We come full circle. If we cannot understand the starkly contrasting options before us, and then develop a clear “future state” we will never get on with the business of a going anywhere. The stakes are too high for a random walk. We must look at the contrasts before us and resolve ourselves to consciously choose, commit to, and then put our backs into a better future. If we the people can do this, our political “leaders” and private sector organizations may actually be able to get on with the business of making it happen.

Our Sea Dragon expeditions are a very small, but to us, hopeful part of this process. The trips, team and mission takes people out of the random walk and gives them a dramatic dose of perspective. Alone in a very large ocean, yet transiting through the plastic, CO2, reef degradation and other modern contributions- you do tend to think alot about “where next.” People choosing to spend their time “working” for a better future as part of a conservation team give us real hope.

I suspect that if we could really ask all the 5-month old kids which path they would choose – rich, bio-diverse landscapes on a healthy planet, or a synthetic legacy of human creation – the alignment would be total. These perhaps simple, clear minded future leaders would quickly resolve a better path. And, when he is 80 in the year 2090 Atlas and his friends would enjoy a fantastically beautiful planet where people spend less time in grim discussions about the future. Story has it that when Jim Webb, NASA Administrator asked his lead engineers “Can we do it? Put a man on the moon in nine years?”. Their answer was simple and characteristic of all the courage of the Apollo program – “Yes, we have to.”

Time to go make this happen.

Ron